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Charpentiera densiflora

Sohmer (1972)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae Genus: Charpentiera

pāpala [papala]

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees up to 12 m tall, new growth brown tomentose.

Stems: Stems 4–9 mm in diameter directly below apex.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades elliptic to subovate, 13–40 cm long, 5.5–9.5 cm wide. Apex obtuse. Base acute. Surfaces glabrous or pubescent; Blades coriaceous or somewhat coriaceous. Margins entire to slightly wavy and with pronounced marginal ribs. Lateral veins ca. 20 pairs, glabrous at maturity, marginal vein somewhat developed. Petioles 3–18.5 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in single axillary panicles, these 1–2 branched, reddish brown pubescent or glabrous. Panicles 22–48 cm long, with 9–32 primary branches 3.5–15 cm long. Each panicle branch subtended by 1 bract and 2 bracteoles. Peduncles 2–15 cm long. Gynodioecious (with bisexual (perfect)–flowered plants and female plants in each population). flowers 20–100 per branch, internodes between individual flowers 1–2(–5) mm long. Calyx of 5 sepals, distinct, imbricate, subequal; 1.75–2.1 mm long, 3–5-veined. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens and staminodes 5; filaments connate at base to form a short, membranous tube with short, rounded flaps of tissue alternating with the filaments; anthers exserted at anthesis. Ovary superior, globose or urceolate, 1.5–2 mm long; style absent or very short; stigmas 2, straight or recurved, nearly as long as the ovary, with glands on the inner surface.

Fruit: Indehiscent utricle. Seeds black and shiny; lenticular 1 mm or less long.

Ploidy:

Habitat: Occurring in mesic gulches of <i>hala</i> forest; sometimes a dominant feature of the vegetation.

Elevation Range: 160–250 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Brittonia 24: 292 (1972)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:190 (K)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In wet, shaded gully. Preserved_Specimen Tree with large leaves, sparingly branched. Off season; most without fl & ft. Herbst, D.R. 2860 Kauai BISH 1973-01-19
2 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Moist Aleurites woods. Preserved_Specimen 20 ft x 10 in tree. St.John, H. 13866 Kauai BISH 1933-12-30
3 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing near small stream, with Pandanus, Cordyline, Guava, Aleurites, etc. Preserved_Specimen lvs. lt green, bark tan; tree 30 ft. tall Henrickson, J.S. 3976 Kauai BISH 1950-07-30
4 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diospyros-Metrosideros Mixed lowland meisc forestw/ canopy of pouteria sandwicensis, Syzygium sandwicensis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Antidesma Platyphylla, Psychotia mariniana, Myrsine Lanaiensis, Bobea elatior, Rauvolfia sandwicensis, Pteralyxia k. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 5 m tall, well branched, trunk gray, with seed, mapped. Wood, K.R. 16561 Kauai BISH 2015-07-28
5 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing near small stream, with Pandanus, Cordyline, Guava, Aleurites, etc. Preserved_Specimen lvs. lt green, bark tan; tree 30 ft. tall Henrickson, J.S. 3976 Kauai BISH 1950-07-30
6 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse lowland mesic forest; associated plants; Aleurites, Psidium, Diospyros, Myrsine, Chamaesyce, Pipturus, Isodendrion, Cyanea, Pleomele, Hibiscus Preserved_Specimen 4 m tall tree in flower and fruit; 20 cm DBH; scattered population throughout the area. Vigorous Wood, K.R. 353 Kauai BISH 1990-06-07
7 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing beside trail. Appears to be an important component of vegetation along with Pandanus and Aleurites. Preserved_Specimen Tree about 20' tall. Corn, C. 191 Kauai BISH 1980-04-10
8 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In low wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 828 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
9 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Lowland mesic mixed forest; associated plants; Aleurites, Psidium, Diospyros, Myrsine, Chamaesyce, Pipturus, Isodendrion, Cyanea, Pleomele, Hibiscus Preserved_Specimen 4 m tall tree in flower and fruit; 20 cm DBH; scattered population throughout the area. Vigorous Wood, K.R. 353 Kauai BISH 1990-06-07
10 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 828 Kauai BISH 1955-06-18
11 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen to 3.5 m shrub; stem to 3.5 cm diam.; leaves light green, glossy; petioles green; inflorescence light green, sweetly fragrant, 5 pm Lorence, D.H. 8480 Kauai BISH 2000-04-26
12 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen 35 ft tree with lare multiple trunk. Long white flowering panicle. Hobdy, R.W. 182 Kauai BISH 1970-04-09
13 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6549 Kauai BISH 1970-07-21
14 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6534 Kauai BISH 1970-07-19
15 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6551 Kauai BISH 1970-07-21
16 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6538 Kauai BISH 1970-07-19
17 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Diverse Mesic Forest Aleurites moluccana canopy, understory mostly weedy with remnant large native trees and Psydrax patches. Associated w/Psidium guajava, Christella, Pouteria sandwicensis, Psychotria mariniana, Elaeocarpus bifidus, Metrosidros polymorpha, Dispyros hillebrandii, D. sandwicensis, Pleomele aurea. Preserved_Specimen Two trees in immediate area. This one 15 ft tall. Inflorecence upright when young and hanging when fully developed. Handful of seedlings just around the base of trunk on moss. Tangalin, N. 3238 Kauai BISH 2012-07-27
18 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In understory, Aleurites moluccana, with Psidium, guajava, and Christella parasitica. Preserved_Specimen Tree ca 12 ft all. Secondary veins visible near midrib. Lvs light green w/ dk green venation below, above dk green dull. Petiols w/ light green wing. Fls cdongested on peduncles. Leaf margin revolute. Branches upright, some latera l w/ smaller upright branches. Few trees along the rivcer on on the walls. Tangalin, N. 2380 Kauai BISH 2010-08-20
19 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 62 Kauai BISH 1909-07-18
20 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6536 Kauai BISH 1970-07-19
21 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Trees 5-9 m tall and very robust. Erect pale trunks 25 cm diameter. Hobdy, R.W. 2627 Kauai BISH 1986-09-06
22 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 62 Kauai BISH 1909-07-18
23 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6539 Kauai BISH 1970-07-19
24 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In deep shaded valley. Preserved_Specimen Open branch tree; leaves clustered near branch tips as in Plumeria indica; flwrs white in pendulous panicles. Stern, W.L. 1343 Kauai BISH 1965-08-01
25 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 62 Kauai BISH 1909-07-18
26 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 62 Kauai BISH 1909-07-18
27 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6552 Kauai BISH 1970-07-21
28 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6537 Kauai BISH 1970-07-19
29 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dense shade in small ravine w/Aleurites & Pandanus assoc. Preserved_Specimen Tree 20 ft ht, 3 dbh. Leaves w/marginal thickening. Infl. yellowish green, often to 75 cm long. Branchlets thick often to 2 cm even at tips. Nagata, K.M. 1030 Kauai BISH 1972-06-11
30 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Relictual lowland mesic Diospyros-Nestegis forest with Pisonia umbellifera, Wikstroemia oahuensis, Freycinetia arborea, Rauvolfia, Ochrosia kauaiensis, Psydrax odorata, Pittosporum napaliense. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 5 tall, with Pisonia umbellifera, Syzygium malaccense, and Aleurites moluccana, with fruit, occasionall, mapped. Wood, K.R. 17749 Kauai BISH 2017-12-13
31 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Collected on river bank in heavy Clidemia cover. Growing among boulders in very rocky soil. Closed canopy of Pisonia with Cyrtandra confertiflorum common in understory. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 3 m tall. Inflorescences cream colored. Trauernicht, C. 405 Kauai BISH 2008-02-29
32 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In deep shade, in stream bed near valley back; with Ohia, Bobea, Olona, Gardenia, Pisonia, Cyrtandra Preserved_Specimen Trees 20 ft high 15 ft spread 4 inch diameter, seeding, healthy Perlman, S. Kauai BISH 1979-07-22
33 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Riparian forest along valley floor dominated by Psidium guayava and Aleurites moluccana with vriable canopy 10-15 m tall. . Weedy, open understory with Christella dentata and Blechnum, Lantana camara and patches of Nephrolepis exaltata. Pipturis sp. occasional. Preserved_Specimen Remnatn tree, 6 m tall, - 25 cm dbh. Lvs to 50 cm long with 20 cm petioles. Inflorescences emerging at branch tips. 2 adult trees in immediate area. Seed accesioned with NTBG Living collections (acc # 090255) Trauernicht, C. 756 Kauai BISH 2009-02-26
34 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In kukui grove. Preserved_Specimen 25 ft high, 6 in diam. breast high. Hatheway, W.H. 95 Kauai BISH 1950-02-03
35 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details woods, steep gulch Preserved_Specimen 8 m x 15 cm tree; inflorescence red St.John, H. 23177 Kauai BISH 1948-01-01
36 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dense shade in small ravine w/Aleurites & Pandanus assoc. Preserved_Specimen Tree 20 ft ht, 3 dbh. Leaves w/marginal thickening. Infl. yellowish green, often to 75 cm long. Branchlets thick often to 2 cm even at tips. Nagata, K.M. 1030 Kauai BISH 1972-06-11
37 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dense forest Preserved_Specimen A small tree 5 m. Hobdy, R.W. 1808 Kauai BISH 1983-08-20
38 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details gulches below matting fern ridge, dominated by 30-70% cover of native mesic forest trees; Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Diospyros sandwicensis, Xylosma hawaiiense, Psychotria mariniana, Ilex anomala, Bobea elatior, Pouteria sandwicensis, Syzygium sandwicensis, Alphitonia ponderosa, Nestegis sandwicensis, Pleomele aurea, Pritchardia minor Preserved_Specimen 7 m x 35 cm tree; gray brown base; branches acutely ascending, light brown; leaves light translucent green; flower; fruit Wood, K.R. 12484 Kauai BISH 2007-08-09
39 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details fresh running springs, short running waterfalls and plunge pool; 50% open Aleurites, Psidium guajava, Psychotria mariniana, Machaerina angustifolia Preserved_Specimen 7m x 30 cm tree; trunk gray white or gray brown; leaves translucent; flower; fruit Wood, K.R. 12969 Kauai BISH 2008-05-07
40 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details mesic forest; Aleurites, Diospyros, Nestegis, Pisonia umbellifera, Wikstroemia oahuensis, Freycinetia arborea, Ochrosia kauaiensis, Psydrax odorata Preserved_Specimen tree; few branches; stems gray brown; leaves medium green, coriaceous; mature seed Wood, K.R. 12160 Kauai BISH 2006-09-24
41 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Small gulch with Cordyline, kukui, and a big species of Charpentiera. Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6540 Kauai BISH 1970-01-01
42 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep gulch with Kukui, Cordyline, some Pisonia Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6533 Kauai BISH 1970-07-19
43 Charpentiera densiflora Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In shady grove of Aleurites moluccana. With Pisonia, Pittosporum, Asplenium nidus. Preserved_Specimen Tree to 25 feet. Carlquist, S. 1802 Kauai BISH 1965-08-01
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